A holistic strategy combining all three steps would help to maximize genetic diversity in the NWR by providing cryo-banked spermatozoa and somatic cells of several NWR individuals 5. ES cells are the best source for producing primordial germ cells and also represent the “gold standard” for assessing artificial gametes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) 4. Beyond applying this classical ART approach, it would be critical to generate artificial gametes. Our results suggest that ART might offer an option for rescuing genes from the NWR, an essential first step in saving this nearly extinct rhinoceros sub-species. There has been no report of the production of rhinoceros embryo from fertilization to the pre-implantation stage 2, 3. To date only one study related to ovum pick up and embryos production in rhinoceros has been reported 1. Conventional approaches toward establishing a self-sustaining NWR population over the last two decades have been repeatedly unsuccessful.
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